The Wonderful World of Potatoes

What you should know after reading this post

  • What are some different types of potatoes and their characteristics? 
  • How should potatoes be stored? 
  • How do you know if a potato is still “good?”
  • What are some methods used to prepare potatoes? 

Keep an Eye Out For These Weird Potato Words

Terms:

  • Tubers
  • Solanine
  • Single-stage and  Multi-stage techniques
  • Acrylamide
  • Polyphenol Oxidase

Recipes:

  • Lyonnaise
  • Latkes
  • Duchess potatoes
  • Potato croquettes

POTATOES ARE NATIVE TO NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA. IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY, THE SPANISH EXPLORER FRANCISCO PIZARRO INTRODUCED POTATOES TO EUROPE. POTATOES BECAME A STAPLE IN MANY COUNTRIES, PARTICULARLY IN IRELAND, BECAUSE THEY WERE INEXPENSIVE AND EASY TO GROW. TODAY, THE POTATO IS THE MOST IMPORTANT NON-CEREAL CROP IN THE WORLD.

TYPES OF POTATOES

All potatoes are tubers – fat underground stems of the plant that can grow a new plant.

However, all potatoes are not the same. Potato varieties differ in starch and moisture content, shape, and skin color. That is why if you make the same recipe over and over again and use a different types of potato each time, you will get wildly different outcomes.

Potatoes are categorized by their starch and moisture content. The starch content of any potato increases with the potato’s age.

High-starch, low-moisture potatoes are dense because they have a high amount of dry starch. These potatoes’ starch granules swell and separate as they cook, which makes the potato fluffy. High-starch, low-moisture potatoes are best when baked, pureed, or fried. They include Idaho and russet potatoes. Also included in this category are sweet potatoes and yams.

Medium-starch, medium-moisture potatoes are versatile. The high moisture prevents the potato from absorbing some water, and therefore it swells less when cooked. These potatoes are great at holding their shape, so they are good for potato salads and potato cakes. This category of potato is best for boiling, steaming, sauteing, oven roasting, stewing, mashing, and braising. Examples include chef’s all-purpose, Yukon Gold, and yellow-fleshed potatoes.

New potatoes are low-starch, high-moisture potatoes. These are smaller, immature potatoes and do not have the same starch levels at this stage of growth. New potatoes are best for boiling, steaming, and oven roasting.

Characteristics of Different Potato Types

Chef’s/ All Purpose Potatoes

  • Medium starch, medium moisture
  • Drier and less starchy than russet potatoes
  • Less expensive than russet potatoes
  • Tend to be irregularly shaped
  • Most suited to preparation in which the final shape of the potato is not visually important

(Cooking Methods: mashing, pureeing, braising, sautéing, scalloping, and for soups)

Russet

  • High starch, low moisture
  • Referred to as Idaho potatoes, although many other states also produce these potatoes
  • The standard white baking potato
  • Skin is generally a brownish-red color
  • Flesh is mealy and white
  • Are available in many shapes and sizes
  • Often used to make French fries 

(Cooking Methods: baking, frying, mashing, roasting, broiling)

New Potatoes

  • Low starch, high moisture
  • Immature red potatoes that are harvested when they ore very small, less than two inches in diameter
  • Unlike other baking potatoes, new potatoes are high in sugar
  • Boiling and steaming brings out the natural sweetness and fresh flavor of new potatoes
  • Good to use in any preparation where the potato must keep its shape 

(boiling, steaming, roasting)

Yellow-Fleshed Potatoes

  • Medium starch, medium moisture
  • Have become increasingly popular in the United States in recent years
  • Common in other ports of the world, including Europe and South America
  • Produce a golden color and a buttery flavor
  • Good, all-purpose potatoes
  • Yukon Gold is one well-known variety
  • Especially good for potato pancakes

(Cooking Methods: mashing, baking, pureeing, frying)


SWEET POTATOES AND YAMS ARE NOT THE SAME THING. SERIOUSLY.


Sweet Potatoes

  • High starch, low moisture
  • Thick skin ranges in color from light to brownish red
  • Have on orange, mealy flesh that is very high in sugar
  • Unlike the russet or chef’s potato, sweet potatoes ore available canned, in a sweet, sugary sauce
  • Available year-round
  • Are popular ingredients in breads, pies, puddings, soups, and casseroles
  • Can be swapped with yams

(Cooking Methods: baking, boiling, pureeing, roasting)

Yams

  • High starch, low moisture
  • Not related to the sweet potato
  • Originated in Asia
  • Less sweet than sweet potatoes
  • Range in color from creamy white to deep red
  • Have more natural sugar and a higher moisture content than sweet potatoes
  • Can be swapped with sweet potatoes
  • (baking, pureeing, frying)

(Cooking Methods: baking, pureeing, frying)


Buying and Storing Potatoes

Purchasing Potatoes

When selecting potatoes, choose potatoes that are dry, firm, and smooth. Do not accept potatoes with dark spots, green areas, sprouting, soft spots, mold, or large cuts/bruising.

A wide variety of market forms exists when purchasing potatoes. These forms include fresh, frozen, refrigerated, canned, and dried. Value-added forms are also available, such as potatoes cut into shapes.

Market Forms


STORING POTATOES

TO FRIDGE, OR NOT TO FRIDGE

Stop storing potatoes in the refrigerator! During refrigeration, an enzyme in potatoes turns its natural sugar—sucrose—into glucose and fructose. There are two reasons this is bad:

  1. This chemical reaction shifts a potato’s taste and texture toward sweet and gritty, which can RUIN a recipe. “Can I get a bit of sand in my mashed potatoes?” said no one, ever.
  2. When cooked at high temperatures, these two sugars combine with amino acids and produce the chemical acrylamide (which is a plastic – really! – and is thought to be a carcinogen). While there is five times as much acrylamide in ONE cigarettte as there is in an entire bag of potato chips… that isn’t really a positive.

Bottom line – DON’T REFRIGERATE YOUR POTATOES.

Instead, store your potatoes in a cool, dark place with plenty of ventilation – 45-50*F is just about perfect. A cool, dark corner of your kitchen away from humidity and light will do fine. As far as what you should store it in…cardboard is best (because it absorbs humidity), just make sure it doesn’t trap moisture. NO PLASTIC BAGS.

Stored correctly, potatoes will keep for 4-6 months – just make sure you check on them regularly and throw out any that have become squishy, that are sprouting, or have developed mold. Once ONE potato goes bad, it’s only a matter of time until ALL the potatoes rot. On the other hand, potatoes at room temperature, out on your counter? I’d give them two weeks, tops.

IMPORTANT SIDE NOTE ON STORAGE: Like all vegetables, potatoes are subject to the ripening effect of ethylene, an invisible gas produced by several ripening fruits and vegetables (like onions and bananas). It might make sense to store your onions and potatoes together… Resist the urge. Those onions just might make your potatoes go bad FAST.

Polyphenol Oxidase… and your ugly brown potato

When you cut a potato in half, you are literally cutting open a bunch of potato cells. Inside those cells is an enzyme called polyphenol oxidase – and once that enzyme is exposed to oxygen by your big ‘ol chefs knife, it does it’s thing… it oxidizes. The same type of enzymatic browning happens with apples, avocados, bananas – a bunch of things actually!

The only way to stop the browning action is to submerge the potato in water (so the cut area isn’t exposed to air) RIGHT AWAY. Another option is to use a small amount of acid to basically “kill” the enzyme before it can do its thing – vinegar or lemon juice will do the trick. A third option? Cook the potato (the heat will denature the enzyme and basically turn it “off”). Whichever way you choose to control oxidization, try to end up with pretty white mashed potatoes instead of a muddy gray pile of sadness.

SOLANINE

Potatoes that are exposed to light may develop a greenish color. The green color is from chlorophyll, and is itself harmless. However, that green color IS an indication of an increased level of solanine (SOLE-ah-neen), a potentially harmful, bitter-tasting substance. Potato sprouts can also contain solanine.

Cut away and discard sprouts and any green portions before using potatoes.

Potato chips with a greenish color indicate the presence of solanine.

How to cook potatoes

The potato is one of the most popular vegetables because it is inexpensive, nutritious, versatile, and tasty. Apply any cooking method – boiling, steaming, baking, sauteeinq, deep-frying, and pureeing – to produce a number of preparations with special flavors, textures, and appearances.

REMEMBER: Different potato varieties (based upon their moisture and starch content) will produce different results.

Whenever possible, cook potatoes in their skins to retain their nutrients. Cut potatoes oxidize quickly just like bananas and avocados. Cover the cut and peeled potatoes in a liquid to prevent discoloring right away.

TWO VARIETIES OF COOKING TECHNIQUES

The two types of cooking methods for potatoes are classified as either single-stage or multiple-stage techniques.

In the single-stage technique, potatoes are cooked directly from the raw state to the finished state by using one cooking method. Boiled and baked potatoes are examples of potatoes cooked with single-stage techniques.

In the multiple-stage technique, potatoes are prepared using more than one cooking method before they are a finished dish. One example of potatoes prepared using the multiple-stage method is lyonnaise potatoes. In this recipe, the potatoes are precooked, sliced, and then fried with onions.

Lyonnaise Potatoes

Boiling

Boiling is one of the easiest methods of cooking potatoes. In addition, boiling is often the first step for other preparations, such as pureed potatoes. In reality, potatoes are rarely boiled, as the action of the water would break them apart and release additional starch. Simmer, my friend. Simmer away.

Steaming

Steaming is an especially good cooking method for new potatoes because of their high moisture content. Steam new potatoes until they are very tender. Like boiled potatoes, serve them right away or hold and use with another dish.

Baking

Unlike boiled and steamed potatoes, baked potatoes are always served in their skins. The best baking potatoes are Idaho’s or russets. There are a variety of ways to bake potatoes:

  • Wrap potatoes in foil prior to baking to keep the skin crispy, which makes the inside less fluffy.
  • Rub the potato with oil to keep the skin soft while allowing the inside to get soft and fluffy.
  • Bake with no foil or oil to leave the skin crisp.

Baking Dishes

For casserole potato dishes, combine peeled and sliced raw potatoes with heavy cream, sauce, or uncooked custard. Slowly bake these dishes in a buttered pan. Toppings include bread crumbs, butter, and grated cheese, after which you broil the dish briefly to give it a golden-brown color. These potatoes are excellent for banquet service because servers can divide them into individual portions very easily, and they can be held without losing quality.

Sauteing

Chef’s potatoes are the best for sauteing. Sauteed potatoes should have a crisp, evenly browned exterior with a tender interior. Saute the potatoes in oil or butter, stirring or flipping them frequently until they are golden brown. For best results, serve immediately.

Make potato pancakes with grated potatoes and “other” ingredients. Pan-fry them to a crispy brown. They are traditional in many Eastern European cuisines, as well as in American-Jewish cooking, where they are called latkes (LAHT-keys). Latkes are traditionally served with apple sauce and sour cream.

Delicious potato latkes for Hanukkah, served on a plate with sour cream and applesauce.

Deep-Frying

Another popular method of cooking potatoes is deep-frying. Use this method to make French fries, cottage fries, steak fries, and many other fried potato dishes. Russet potatoes are best suited for deep-frying because of their low moisture content.

At service time, fry potatoes in fat heated to 35O°F to 375°F until golden brown. Deep-fry in two stages because of the long cooking time. When they are done, place the potatoes on a paper towel and season immediately.

Mashed or Pureed

Pureeing potatoes is another way to prepare them. Pureed potatoes are important as the basis of many popular dishes, including mashed or whipped potatoes, duchesse potatoes, and potato croquettes. For pureed, whipped, and mashed potatoes, first boil, steam, or bake the potatoes before combining them with other ingredients or mashing. Hold them for service in a bain-marie or a steam table. Refrigerate pureed potatoes that are to be used in other dishes for several hours.


The Potato Recipes You HAVE to Know

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How to bake a potato

Course Side Dish
Cuisine American
Keyword Culinary 2, Starches

Instructions

Day Before Baking

  • Remove from refrigeration and allow to come to room temperature
  • Rinse and scrub each russet potato you are baking under cold running water. Do not soak and do not use hot water. Dry thoroughly with paper towels.

Right Before Baking:

  • Look the cleaned potatoes over and pare away any bruises or discolored spots
  • Pierce each potato deeply with a fork 2 – 3 times per side to allow steam to escape.
  • Rub with oil and kosher salt
  • Place on sheet pan with space inbetween (or directly on the rack!)
  • Bake in 400*F conventional oven or 375*F convection oven for approximately 60 minutes or until 210*F on probe thermometer. Jumbo potatoes will take longer.
  • Halfway through cooking, turn the potatoes so they roast evenly.
  • Remove from oven and allow to rest for 10 minutes before serving.

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Twice-Fried Perfect French Fries

Pommes Frites – American Style
Course Side Dish
Cuisine American
Keyword Culinary 2, Starches
Servings 4

Ingredients

  • 2 pounds russet potatoes
  • Vegetable or peanut oil for frying
  • Sea salt

Instructions

  • Wash potatoes. Cut into batonnets, either with or without peel.
  • Cover potatoes with water. Allow them to soak at room temperature 2 to 3 hours or overnight.
  • Blanch potatoes until tender in well-salted, simmering water (190 – 205*F)
  • Gently remove from simmering water. Drain potatoes VERY well. Pat dry with paper towels before frying.
  • Heat oil in a heavy pot to 325*F. In 3 or 4 batches, gently lower potatoes into oil and cook until they form a crust – about 5 minutes.
  • Remove and drain.
  • Raise oil temperature to 400*F. In 3 or 4 batches, lower potatoes into oil and cook the potatoes until GBD.
  • Remove, drain well, and season with fine-grained salt while very hot.
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How to use a ricer to make mashed potatoes

The best way to make small portions of mashed potatoes is to use a ricer – a tool that does not activate starch and does not create a product that is gluey or sticky.
Course Side Dish
Cuisine American, French, Italian
Keyword Culinary 2, Tools and Equipment

Instructions

  • Peel several white potatoes (or your favorite potato for mashing) and cut them into equally sized pieces. The pieces should each be about 1-inch cubed. Cook them in simmering water for about 15 minutes or until they are soft enough to break up when pressed with a fork. Drain the potatoes. Return them to the empty cooking pot and return to low heat to evaporate away any surface moisture.
  • Fill the basket with a FEW pieces of potatoes.
  • Hold the ricer over the empty pot or a bowl and squeeze the handles of the ricer together smoothly and slowly until the potato begins extruding through the holes. Continue refilling and pressing the potatoes, working quickly before the potatoes get cold. DO NOT overfill the basket of the ricer or the potatoes will ooze out the sides.
  • When all the potatoes have been processed through the ricer, add the desired ingredients to your potatoes, such as butter, sour cream, warm milk, salt, pepper, or nutmeg. Fold to combine. If necessary, place the pot back on the stove and turn the heat on low to re-warm the potatoes before serving.
  • Clean, or at least rinse, the ricer immediately after using it so that the starchy potato residue won’t dry on the tool, making it difficult to clean later.
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Fluffy Mashed Potatoes

Food Mill Method for making mashed potatoes
Course Side Dish
Cuisine American
Keyword Alton Brown, Culinary 2, Starches
Servings 1

Ingredients

  • 2 pounds Yukon gold potatoes Peeled and cut medium dice
  • 1/2 cup heavy cream
  • 4 ounces unsalted butter cut into pieces
  • 1 teaspoon kosher salt
  • 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper

Instructions

  • Place potatoes into a 4-quart saucepan and cover with cold water by at least 1-inch. Cover, set over high heat and bring to a boil. Once boiling, remove the lid, decrease the heat to maintain a simmer and cook until the potatoes can easily be crushed with a pair of tongs, approximately 15 to 20 minutes. Drain.
  • Put the cream, butter, salt and pepper into the empty 4-quart saucepan and place back over the heat until the butter has melted. Remove from the heat and set a food mill fitted with the smallest die, on top of the pot. Add 1 cup of potatoes at a time to the mill. Once all of the potatoes have passed through the mill, stir to combine. Taste and adjust the seasoning, if necessary. Serve immediately.

The most famous Mashed potatoes in the world were developed and served by the “Chef of the Century” Joel Robuchon. Make them yourself by reading the article below.

https://guide.michelin.com/us/en/california/article/features/joel-robuchon-pommes-puree

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Lyonnaise Potatoes

Lyonnaise Potatoes is a french dish of pan-fried potatoes that originated around 1845 in the city of Lyon, which is located in a region called Rhone-Alpes in France.  In French, a la lyonnaise "in the style of Lyon" or "like they eat it in Lyon." In modern recipes, "a la lyonnaise" means the dish contains onions.
Course Side Dish
Cuisine French
Keyword Culinary 2
Servings 4

Ingredients

  • 2 pounds russet potatoes
  • 2 tablespoons olive oil
  • 1 pound onion thinly sliced
  • 1 tablespoons chopped garlic
  • 2 oz butter
  • salt to taste
  • ground white pepper to taste
  • 1 tablespoon finely minced fresh parsley

Instructions

  • Preheat oven to 400°F.
  • Peel potatoes and cut into 1/4 inch slices. Place sliced potatoes in a pot and cover with water. Bring to a low boil. Simmer for 2 minutes, then drain and set aside.
  • Heat a large ovenproof saute pan over medium-high heat. Pour in olive oil, then add onions. Saute until lightly caramelized, 8 to 10 minutes. Stir in garlic and saute until onions are deep brown and garlic is soft. Transfer mixture to a bowl.
  • Place pan back on stove over low heat. Melt butter, then cover bottom of pan with 1/3 of potatoes. Season with salt and pepper. Cover potatoes with 1/2 of onion mixture. Cover with 1/2 of remaining potatoes and season with salt and pepper. Spread with the rest of onion mixture. Cover with remaining potatoes, and season with more salt and pepper.
  • Bake in preheated oven for 10 to 12 minutes, or until potatoes are tender and browned on top. Remove from oven and use a spatula to carefully transfer potatoes to a serving platter. Sprinkle with chopped parsley just before serving.
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Duchess Potatoes

PREP TIME 10 mins COOK TIME 45 mins TOTAL TIME 55 mins SERVINGS 4 to 6 servings
Course Side Dish
Cuisine French
Keyword Culinary 2, Starches

Ingredients

  • 2 pounds potatoes Yukon Golds work best, peeled and cut into chunks
  • 1/4 cup heavy cream
  • 4 tablespoons unsalted butter divided
  • 1/4 teaspoon nutmeg
  • 1/2 teaspoon Salt to taste
  • 1/2 teaspoon black pepper
  • 3 egg yolks

Instructions

  • Boil the potatoes: Place potatoes in a medium to large pot and cover with a couple inches of cold water. Add a couple teaspoons of salt to the water. Bring to a simmer and cook until the potatoes are tender, about 20-25 minutes.
  • Melt butter, preheat oven: While the potatoes are simmering, melt 2 tablespoons of butter and reserve for coating the potatoes right before they go in the oven. Preheat the oven to 425°F.
  • Drain potatoes and let them release steam: When the potatoes are cooked, drain in a colander and put the potatoes back in the pot set over low heat. Allow them to release steam for a minute or so.
  • Add butter, nutmeg, black pepper,salt, and heavy cream to microwave-safe container and microwave till butter is melted and cream is hot. Reserve.
  • Mash the potatoes until only a few lumps remain. Add cream/butter mixture. Continue mashing until smooth. Temper in egg yolks. Taste and adjust seasonings.
  • Using a piping bag with a large star point, pipe the potatoes onto a cookie sheet. Brush with melted butter.
  • Bake in 425°F oven until nicely browned, about 20 minutes.
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Potatoes au Gratin

Course Side Dish
Cuisine American
Keyword Culinary 2, Starches

Ingredients

  • 2 pounds russet potatoes sliced into 1/4 inch slices
  • 1 onion sliced into rings
  • salt and pepper to taste
  • 2 tablespoons butter
  • 2 tablespoons all-purpose flour
  • ½ teaspoon salt
  • 1-2 cups milk
  • 1 cups shredded Cheddar cheese

Instructions

  • Preheat oven to 400*F. Butter a baking dish.
  • Layer 1/2 of the potatoes into bottom. Top with the onion slices, and add the remaining potatoes. Season with salt and pepper to taste.

Make bechamel

  • In a medium-size saucepan, melt butter over medium heat. whisk in flour and cook till a blond roux is formed. Stir in milk. Cook until sauce has thickened. Add additional milk if necessary to bring bechamel to the desired consistency. Remove from heat and stir in cheese till melted, one handful at a time. Taste and adjust seasonings.
  • Pour cheese over the potatoes, and cover the dish with aluminum foil
  • Bake 1 1/2 hours in the preheated oven. Remove cover during last 15 minutes of cooking to promote browning.

Other Potato Recipes You Should Try…

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Handmade Hashbrowns

Course Breakfast, Brunch
Cuisine American
Keyword Culinary 2, Starches

Instructions

Prep Potatoes

  • Shred 2 russet potatoes (either peeled or unpeeled) with a cheese grater and place shredded potatoes into a bowl of cold water.
  • Stir potato shreds around in the water to loosen the starch. Drain the starchy water, refill the bowl with more cold water and repeat stirring and draining the potatoes until the water runs clear.
  • Drain as much water off of the potatoes as you can, squeezing them between several layers of cheesecloth.

AS PATTIES

  • Heat 4 tablespoons of vegetable oil in a non-stick saute pan or griddle over medium-high heat.
  • Combine ½ medium onion, finely chopped,  ¼ cup all-purpose flour, and 1 egg to shredded potatoes until evenly distributed. Form into patties about 1/2 inch thick.
  • Season with salt and pepper and cook without disturbing for 3-4 minutes or until golden brown on the bottom.
  • Flip the hashbrowns and cook the other side for another 3-4 minutes or until golden brown.
  • Remove from heat, season with additional salt, and serve.

FREEFORM

  • Heat 4 tablespoons of vegetable oil in a non-stick saute pan or griddle over medium-high heat.
  • Transfer dried potatoes into the hot pan and spread into an even layer. Season with salt and pepper and cook without disturbing for 3-4 minutes or until golden brown on the bottom.
  • Use a spatula to flip the potatoes in several sections to cook the other side. Cook for another 3-4 minutes or until golden brown.
  • Remove from heat, season with additional salt, and serve.

Notes

  • Hash is any dish consisting of chopped meat, potatoes, and fried onions. The name is derived from French: hacher, meaning “to chop”. It originated as a way to use up leftovers. In the USA by the 1860s, a cheap restaurant was called a “hash house” or “hashery.”
  • “Hash browns” were originally known as Hashed Brown Potatoes
  • Corned Beef Hash is popular in New England and is the traditional breakfast on St. Patty’s Day – cubed corned beef, cubed potatoes, pan fried with an egg on top.
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Red Skin Potato Salad

Servings 18 4 ounce cups

Ingredients

  • 2 pounds new red potatoes clean & scrubbed
  • 4 large eggs
  • 1 pound bacon optional
  • 1 white onion finely chopped
  • 1 stalk celery finely chopped
  • ¾ cup mayonnaise
  • ¾ cup sour cream
  • 2 tablespoon vinegar or pickle juice
  • salt and pepper to taste
  • ¼ cup fresh dill pulled from stem
  • ¼ cup fresh parsley finely chopped

Instructions

  • Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Add potatoes and cook until tender but still firm, about 15 minutes. Drain, shock in cold water, and reserve.
  • Place eggs in a saucepan and cover with cold water. Bring water to a boil and immediately remove from heat. Cover and let eggs stand in hot water for 12 minutes. Remove eggs from hot water; shock in ice water. Peel, then chop into small, bite-sized pieces.
  • IF USING BACON: Place bacon on parchment paper-lined sheet pans and bake in 350* F preheated oven until crispy, about 20-30 minutes. Drain well and chop.
  • Chop cooled potatoes, leaving skin on. Add potatoes, eggs, bacon, onion, and celery to a large bowl. Gently stir in mayonnaise, sour cream, vinegar, chopped parsley, salt, and pepper. Chill in the refrigerator for 1 hour before serving. Garnish with dill.

Dauphinoise, “Scalloped,” and Au Gratin potatoes – how are they different?

  • Au gratin potato is a casserole of thinly sliced raw potatoes (and often garlic and onions) cooked in a cheesy sauce until tender.
  • In dauphinoise, the potatoes are first simmered in heavy cream before getting transferred to a baking dish
  • Scalloped potatoes are baked raw with just heavy cream
  • Where did the names come from? Scalloped potatoes got its name from the Old English word collop which means “to slice thinly;” au gratin potatoes got its name from the French word gratin which refers to the crust that forms when something is broiled; dauphinoise potatoes got their name from the Dauphiné region of France.
  • Read more: https://www.thespruceeats.com/potatoes-dauphine-vs-dauphinoise-995642
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Dauphinoise Potatoes (French Potatoes Au Gratin – kinda)

Course Side Dish
Cuisine French
Keyword Culinary 2, Starches

Ingredients

  • 1 tablespoon unsalted butter
  • 8 ounces Gruyère cheese grated coarse
  • 2 1/2 pounds Yukon Gold or Russet potatoes
  • 3 cloves garlic
  • 2 cups whole milk
  • 2 cups heavy cream
  • 1 cup crème fraiche (or sour cream)
  • 1 teaspoon kosher salt
  • 1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
  • 1/2 teaspoon ground nutmeg
  • 2 dried bay leaves
  • 1 teaspoon fresh thyme leaves

Instructions

  • Preheat the oven to 350°F. Prepare baking dish with 1 tablespoon unsalted butter.
  • Peel 2 1/2 pounds Yukon Gold potatoes, remove any blemishes, slice into 1/4-inch thick rounds, and place into a large pot with enough milk to barely cover. Add the minced garlic, salt, and 2 dried bay leaves. Bring to a simmer over medium heat. Simmer, stirring often, until the potatoes are fork tender but still slightly firm, 5 to 7 minutes. Discard bay leaves.
  • Using a slotted spoon, transfer potatoes into a bowl, taking care not to break apart the pieces.
  • Discard all but 1 cup of milk. Add heavy cream, crème fraiche (or sour cream), pepper, and nutmeg to pan and bring to a bare simmer. Taste and adjust salt.

Assembly

  • Pour a just enough sauce into the bottom of the prepared baking dish to cover the bottom. Arrange cooked potatoes in an even layer. Top with half of the grated cheese. Arrange the remaining potatoes on top of cheese in an even layer. Pour about cream mixture over the potatoes, stopping just below the top. (You may not use all of the cream mixture.) Top with the remaining cheese.
  • Bake until the potatoes are golden brown and easily pierced with a knife all the way to the bottom of the baking dish, 40 to 45 minutes. Garnish with 1 teaspoon fresh thyme leaves and let cool at least 15 minutes on a wire rack before serving.

Further Reading

https://akispetretzikis.com/en/diary/cooking-crash-test-oi-kalyteres-thganhtes-patates

https://www.foodandwine.com/vegetables/potatoes/how-to-ruin-roasted-potatoes-and-other-spuds